Matthew 21:39 (WEB)
So they took him and threw him out of the vineyard, then killed him.
Catechism · 1
“Yet the true vine is Christ who gives life and fruitfulness to the branches, that is, to us, who through the Church remain in Christ, without whom we can do nothing.” — Catechism footnote: LG 6; Cf. 1 Cor 39; Rom 11:13-26; Mt 21:32-43 and parallels; Isa 51-7; Jn 15:1-5.
Fathers and councils · 62
Irenaeus of Lyons
“They say unto him, He will miserably destroy these wicked men, and will let out his vineyard to other husbandmen, who shall render him the fruits in their season.”” — editor's note: Matt. xxi. 33–41.
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Tertullian
“He also introduces a parable of the mission to the vineyard of the Son (not the Father), who was sent after so many servants, and slain by the husbandmen, and avenged by the Father.” — editor's note: Matt. xxi. 33–41.
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Augustine of Hippo
“And he answered and said, I go, sir; and went not;” and so on, down to the words, “And whosoever shall fall upon this stone shall be broken; but on whomsoever it shall fall, it will grind him to powder.”” — editor's note: Matt. xxi. 28–44.
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John Chrysostom
“Matt. XXI. 33-44.” — the author cites it
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Catena Aurea on Matthew
- John ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
The design of this further parable is to shew that their guilt was heinous, and unworthy to be forgiven.
Read the whole comment - OrigenCatena Aurea on Matthew
The householder is God, who in some parables is represented as a man. As it were a father condescending to the infant lisp of his little child, in order to instruct him.
Read the whole comment - Pseudo-ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
He is called man, by title, not by nature; in a kind of likeness, not in verity. For the Son knowing that by occasion of His human name He himself should be blasphemed as though he were mere man, spoke therefore of…
Read the whole comment - JeromeCatena Aurea on Matthew
He hath “planted” a vine of which Isaiah speaks, “The vine of the Lord of Hosts is the house of Israel.” [Isa 5:7] And “hedged it round about;” i.e. either the wall of the city, or the guardianship of Angels.
Read the whole comment - Pseudo-ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
Or, by the hedge understand the protection of the holy fathers, who were set as a wall round the people of Israel.
Read the whole comment - OrigenCatena Aurea on Matthew
Or, the hedge which God set round his people was His own Providence; and the winepress was the place of offerings.
Read the whole comment - JeromeCatena Aurea on Matthew
“A winepress,” that is to say, An altar; or those winepresses after which the three Psalms, the 8th, the 80th, and the 83rd are entitled, that is to say, the martyrs. [ed. note: גִתִּית, Ps 8, 81, 84. Hebr. from גַת,…
Read the whole comment - Hilary of PoitiersCatena Aurea on Matthew
Or, He set forth the Prophets as it were winepresses, into which an abundant measure of the Holy Spirit, as of new wine, might flow in a teeming stream.
Read the whole comment - Pseudo-ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
Or, the winepress is the word of God, which tortures man when it contradicts his fleshly nature.
Read the whole comment - JeromeCatena Aurea on Matthew
“And built a tower therein,” that is, the Temple, of which it is said by Micah, “And thou, O cloudy tower of the daughter of Sion.”
Read the whole comment - Hilary of PoitiersCatena Aurea on Matthew
Or, The tower is the eminence of the Law, which ascended from earth to heaven, and from which, as from a watchtower, the coming of Christ might be spied. “And let it out to husbandmen.”
Read the whole comment - Pseudo-ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
When, that is, Priests and Levites were constituted by the Law, and undertook the direction of the people. And as an husbandman, though he offer to his Lord of his own stock, does not please him so much as by giving…
Read the whole comment - JeromeCatena Aurea on Matthew
Not a change of place, for God, by whom all things are filled, cannot be absent from any place; but He seems to be absent from the vineyard, that He may leave the vine-dressers a freedom of acting.
Read the whole comment - John ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
Or, it applies to His long-suffering, in that He did not always bring down immediate punishment on their sins.
Read the whole comment - OrigenCatena Aurea on Matthew
Or, because God who had been with them in the cloud by day, and in the pillar of fire by night, [marg. note: Ex 13:21] never after shewed Himself to them in like manner. In Isaiah the people of the Jews is called the…
Read the whole comment - Rabanus MaurusCatena Aurea on Matthew
“The season of fruit,” He says, not of rent-paying, because this stiff-necked nation brings forth no fruit.
Read the whole comment - John ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
He calls the Prophets servants, who as the Lord’s Priests offer the fruits of the people, and the proofs of their obedience in their works. But they shewed their wickedness not only in refusing the fruits, but in…
Read the whole comment - JeromeCatena Aurea on Matthew
Beat them, as Jeremiah, killed them, as Isaiah, stoned them, as Naboth and Zacharias, whom they slew between the temple and the altar.
Read the whole comment - Pseudo-ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
At each step of their wickedness the mercy of God was increased, and at each step of the Divine mercy the wickedness of the Jews increased; thus there was a strife between human wickedness and Divine goodness.
Read the whole comment - Hilary of PoitiersCatena Aurea on Matthew
These “more than the first” who were sent, denote that time, when, after the preaching of single Prophets, a great number was sent forth together.
Read the whole comment - Rabanus MaurusCatena Aurea on Matthew
Or, the first servants who were sent were the Lawgiver Moses himself, and Aaron the first Priest of God; whom, having beaten them with the scourge of their tongue, they sent away empty; by the other servants…
Read the whole comment - Hilary of PoitiersCatena Aurea on Matthew
By the Son sent at last, is denoted the advent of our Lord.
Read the whole comment - John ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
Wherefore then did He not send Him immediately? That from what they had done to the others they might accuse themselves, and putting away their madness they might reverence His Son when He came.
Read the whole comment - Pseudo-ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
He sent Him not as the bearer of a sentence of punishment against the guilty, but of an offer of repentance; He sent Him to put them to shame, not to punish them.
Read the whole comment - JeromeCatena Aurea on Matthew
But when He says, “They will reverence my Son,” He does not speak as in ignorance. For what is there that this householder (by whom in this place God is intended) knows not? But God is thus spoken of as being…
Read the whole comment - John ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
Or He speaks as declaring what ought to be; they ought to reverence Him; thus shewing that their sin was great, and void of all excuse.
Read the whole comment - OrigenCatena Aurea on Matthew
Or we may suppose this fulfilled in the case of those Jews who, knowing Christ, believed in Him. But what follows, “But when the husbandmen saw the son, they said among themselves, This is the heir, come let us kill…
Read the whole comment - JeromeCatena Aurea on Matthew
Let us enquire of Arrius and Eunomius. See here the Father is said not to know somewhat. Whatever answer they make for the Father, let them understand the same of the Son, when He says that He knows not the day of…
Read the whole comment - Pseudo-ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
But some say, that it was after His incarnation, that Christ was called a Son in right of His baptism like the other saints, whom the Lord refutes by this place, saying, “I will send my Son.” Therefore when He thus…
Read the whole comment - Rabanus MaurusCatena Aurea on Matthew
By what they say, “This is the Son,” He manifestly proves that the rulers of the Jews crucified the Son of God, not through ignorance, but through jealousy. For they understood that it was He to whom the Father…
Read the whole comment - Pseudo-ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
After His entry into the Temple, and having cast out those who sold the animals for the sacrifices, then they took counsel to kill Him, “Come, let us kill him.” For they reasoned among themselves, It will happen that…
Read the whole comment - Rabanus MaurusCatena Aurea on Matthew
Or, The Jews endeavoured by putting Him to death to seize upon the inheritance, when they strove to overthrow the faith which is through Him, and to substitute their own righteousness which is by the Law, and…
Read the whole comment - Hilary of PoitiersCatena Aurea on Matthew
Christ was cast out of Jerusalem, as out of the vineyard, to His sentence of punishment.
Read the whole comment - OrigenCatena Aurea on Matthew
Or, what He says, “And cast him out of the vineyard,” seems to me to be this; As far as they were concerned they judged Him a stranger both to the vineyard, and the husbandmen. “When therefore the Lord of the…
Read the whole comment - JeromeCatena Aurea on Matthew
The Lord asks them not as though He did not know what they would answer, but that they might be condemned by their own answer.
Read the whole comment - Pseudo-ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
That their answer is true, comes not of any righteous judgment in them, but from the case itself; truth constrained them.
Read the whole comment - OrigenCatena Aurea on Matthew
Like Caiaphas [marg. note: John 11:49] so did they, not from themselves, prophesy against themselves, that the oracles of God were to be taken from them, and given to the Gentiles, who could bring forth fruit in due…
Read the whole comment - Glossa OrdinariaCatena Aurea on Matthew
Or, the Lord whom they killed, came immediately rising from the dead, and brought to an evil end those wicked husbandmen, and gave up His vineyard to other husbandmen, that is, to the Apostles.
Read the whole comment - Augustine of HippoCatena Aurea on Matthew
Mark does not give this as their answer, but relates that the Lord after His question put to them, made this answer to Himself. But it may be easily explained, that their words are subjoined in such a way as to shew…
Read the whole comment - John ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
Or there is no contradiction, because both are right; they first made answer in these words, and then the Lord repeated them.
Read the whole comment - Augustine of HippoCatena Aurea on Matthew
This troubles us more, how it is that Luke not only does not relate this to have been their answer, but attributes to them a contrary answer. His words are, “And when they heard it they said, God forbid.” [Luke…
Read the whole comment - Pseudo-ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
Otherwise: Luke has given the answer of their lips, Matthew that of their hearts. For some made answer openly contradicting Him, and saying, “God forbid,” but their consciences took it up with “He shall miserably…
Read the whole comment - John ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
Or otherwise: the Lord proposed this parable to them with this intent, that not understanding it they should give sentence against themselves; as was done by Nathan to David. Again, when they perceived the meaning of…
Read the whole comment - Rabanus MaurusCatena Aurea on Matthew
Morally; a vineyard has been let out to each of us to dress, when the mystery of baptism was given us, to be cultivated by action. Servants one, two, and three are sent us when Law, Psalm, and Prophecy are read,…
Read the whole comment - Pseudo-ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
When they seemed discontent, He brings forward Scripture testimony; as much as to say, If ye understood not My parable, at least acknowledge this Scripture.
Read the whole comment - JeromeCatena Aurea on Matthew
The same things are treated under various figures; whom above He called labourers and husbandmen, He now calls builders.
Read the whole comment - John ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
Christ is the stone, the builders are the Jewish teachers who rejected Christ, saying, “This man is not of God.” [John 9:16]
Read the whole comment - Rabanus MaurusCatena Aurea on Matthew
But despite of their displeasure, the same stone furnished the head stone of the corner, for out of both nations He has joined by faith in Him as many as He would.
Read the whole comment - Hilary of PoitiersCatena Aurea on Matthew
He is become the head of the corner, because He is the union of both sides between the Law and the Gentiles.
Read the whole comment - John ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
And that they might know that nothing that had been done was against God’s will, He adds, “It is the Lord’s doing.”
Read the whole comment - OrigenCatena Aurea on Matthew
That is, the stone is the gift of God to the whole building, and is wonderful in our eyes, who can discern it with the eyes of the mind.
Read the whole comment - Pseudo-ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
As much as to say, How do ye not understand in what building that stone is to be set, not in yours, seeing it is rejected, but in another; but if the building is to be other, your building will be rejected.
Read the whole comment - OrigenCatena Aurea on Matthew
By the kingdom of God, He means the mysteries of the kingdom of God, that is, the divine Scriptures, which the Lord committed, first to that former people who had the oracles of God, but secondly to the Gentiles who…
Read the whole comment - Pseudo-ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
Christ is called A Stone, not only because of His strength, but because He mightily crushes His enemies; whence it follows, “And whosoever shall fall on this stone shall be broken, and on whomsoever it shall fall, it…
Read the whole comment - JeromeCatena Aurea on Matthew
Whoso sinneth, yet believeth on Him, falls indeed upon a stone and is broken, yet is not altogether crushed, but is preserved to salvation through endurance. But on whomsoever it shall fall, that is, whomsoever this…
Read the whole comment - Pseudo-ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
It is one thing to be broken, and another to be ground to powder. Of what is broken there remains something; but what is ground to powder is as it were converted into dust. And what falls upon a stone is not broken…
Read the whole comment - John ChrysostomCatena Aurea on Matthew
Or, He here points out their twofold destruction; first in their stumbling and being offended at Him, signified in that, “Whosoever shall fall upon this stone;” the other in the captivity that should come upon them,…
Read the whole comment - Augustine of HippoCatena Aurea on Matthew
Or, Those that fall upon Him, are those that despise and afflict Him. These do not perish utterly, but are broken so that they walk not upright. But upon these He shall fall when He shall come from above in judgment…
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Cross-references · 8
Cited together in Jerome on Matthew 21:33–44 (7) (Catena Aurea).
Cited together in Augustine of Hippo on Matthew 21:33–44 (2) (Catena Aurea).
Cited together in John Chrysostom on Matthew 21:33–44 (8) (Catena Aurea).
Cited together in Origen on Matthew 21:33–44 (6) (Catena Aurea).
Cited together in Origen on Matthew 21:33–44 (3) (Catena Aurea).
Cited together in Augustine of Hippo on Matthew 21:33–44 (3) (Catena Aurea).
Cited together in Rabanus Maurus on Matthew 21:33–44 (3) (Catena Aurea).
Cited together in Jerome on Matthew 21:33–44 (Catena Aurea) and 1 other place.