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Madonna and Child with Saint Anne (Madonna dei Palafrenieri), Caravaggio

What 'enmity' actually means in Genesis 3:15.

Caravaggio, Madonna and Child with Saint Anne (Madonna dei Palafrenieri), 1605–1606 · Galleria Borghese, Rome · Public domainCaravaggio, Madonna and Child with Saint Anne (Madonna dei Palafrenieri), 1605–1606, Galleria Borghese, Rome

ConnectionChapter 2 · 2.1 The Woman in Eden · pp 24–25

New Eve

From Jewish Roots of Mary, based on Brant Pitre

The idea

The Hebrew for 'enmity' denotes lethal hostility — the language of blood-feud and war. The verse sets up a four-party battle: the serpent and his seed against the woman and her seed, which ancient Jews read as the war with the devil. The woman's offspring crushes the serpent's head.

Key verses

  • Genesis 3:15 — 'enmity between you and the woman… he shall bruise your head' (the curse on the serpent begins in Genesis 3:14).
  • Genesis 4:7 — sin 'crouching at the door' of Eve's son — Genesis' own commentary on the war (p 24).
  • Numbers 35:21, Ezekiel 25:15 — the same word = deadly hostility and war.

The connection

Old Testament rootNew Testament fulfilment
The war declared in Genesis 3:15→Mary and her Son against Satan

The Hebrew for 'enmity' means lethal war, not mild dislike, and ancient Jews read Genesis 3:15 as the battle against the devil. So when Revelation shows the Woman against the dragon, Pitre sees Mary and her Son as the promised pair who crush the serpent.

Connections

Topics · 1

Verses cited · 5

  • 'enmity between you and the woman… he shall bruise your head' (the curse on the serpent begins in Genesis 3:14).

  • 'enmity between you and the woman… he shall bruise your head' (the curse on the serpent begins in Genesis 3:14).

  • sin 'crouching at the door' of Eve's son — Genesis' own commentary on the war (p 24).

  • the same word = deadly hostility and war.

  • the same word = deadly hostility and war.

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