Josephus

Unknown engraver, Portrait of Flavius Josephus (print), between 1778 and 1780 · Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam · CC0Unknown engraver, Portrait of Flavius Josephus (print), between 1778 and 1780, Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

Jewish sourceAD 37–c. 100

Quoted in Aquinas's Catena Aurea.

Quoted in

Catena Aurea on Matthew1 comments
Matthew 2:21–23

In Jewish Roots of Mary

Who

A Jewish priest, Pharisee and historian who fought in the revolt against Rome and then wrote its history (the Jewish War) and a history of his people (the Antiquities) for Roman readers. He is the most important first-century witness to Jewish life outside the New Testament.

Quoted works

Antiquities 3.134 — the Ark made of wood 'naturally strong and could not be corrupted' (p 46)
Jewish War 5.219 — the Holy of Holies in Jesus' day: 'In this there was nothing at all' (p 52)
Jewish War 2.160–61 — married Essenes who abstained from relations for years at a time (p 99)
Jewish War 6.356–57 — 'brothers' (adelphoi) and 'relatives' (syngeneis) used as synonyms (pp 106–107)
Antiquities 1.344 — Rachel died 'in childbirth'; Benjamin named 'because of the suffering (odynē) which he had caused his mother' (pp 146, 151)

Connections

Cited by · 11

ArgumentWhat counts as evidence — the Jewish sources outside the Bible and why Pitre uses later textsJewish Roots
(pp 17, 168)
ArgumentFive things the Ark was — meeting place, chest, incorruptible wood, pure gold, place of the cloudJewish Roots
Antiquities 3.134 (p 46)
Argument'How can you have a new exodus without a new Ark?' — the empty Holy of HoliesJewish Roots
Jewish War 5.219 (p 52)
ArgumentWhat happened to the lost Ark — Babylon's inventory, the Ethiopian theory, and 2 Maccabees 2Jewish Roots
Jewish War 5.219 (p 52)
Argument'Incorruptible wood' — Exodus 25:5 in the Septuagint, Josephus, and Munificentissimus Deus 26Jewish Roots
Antiquities 3.134 (p 46)
ArgumentAnna and the value of consecrated celibacy.Jewish Roots
Jewish War 2.160–61, the Essenes (p 99)
ArgumentEssenes, Therapeutae and the Mishnah — Jewish celibacy outside the BibleJewish Roots
Jewish War 2.160–61 (p 99)
ArgumentThe 'brothers of Jesus' — Pitre's lead argument.Jewish Roots
Jewish War 6.356–57, adelphoi and syngeneis (pp 106–107)
ArgumentWhen 'brothers' means cousins — Pitre's concession, Genesis 31, 1 Chronicles 23, Josephus, and Mark 6:4Jewish Roots
Jewish War 6.356–57 (pp 106–107)
ArgumentWho was Rachel, and why is she the pattern for Mary?Jewish Roots
Antiquities 1.344, Rachel died in childbirth (p 146)
ArgumentThree extra-biblical Rachel traditions — Josephus, Demetrius, Genesis Rabbah, and pilgrims to her tombJewish Roots
Antiquities 1.344 (p 146)

Verses discussed · 3

VerseGenesis 35:18Jewish Roots
VerseExodus 25:5Jewish Roots
VerseMark 6:3Jewish Roots

Referenced by · 6

AuthorityDead Sea ScrollsJewish Roots
AuthorityDemetrius the ChronographerJewish Roots
AuthorityMishnahJewish Roots
AuthorityPhilo of AlexandriaJewish Roots
AuthoritySeptuagintJewish Roots
AuthorityTacitusJewish Roots

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