Thomas Aquinas · Catena Aurea · Chapter 22
Passages · 211
Luke 22:1–2
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:1–2 — The actions of the Jews were a shadow of our own. Accordingly if you ask of a Jew concerning the Passover, and the feast of unleavened bread, he will tell you nothing momentous, mentioning the deliverance from Egypt;…vatican.va
- Glossa Ordinaria on Luke 22:1–2 — Whose Passion the Evangelist being about to relate, introduces the figure of it, saying, Now the feast of unleavened bread drew nigh, which is called the Passover.vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:1–2 — Now the Passover, which is called in Hebrew “Phase,” is not so named from the Passion, but from the passing over, because the destroying angel, seeing the blood on the doors of the Israelites, passed over them, and…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:1–2 (2) — Chrys. Hom. 79. in Matt.) The Chief Priests set about their impious deed on the feast, as it follows, And the Chief Priests and Scribes, &c. Moses ordained only one Priest, at whose death another was to be appointed.…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:1–2 (2) — Not indeed that they apprehended sedition, but were afraid lest by the interference of the people He should be taken out of their hands. And these things Matthew reports to have taken place two days before the…vatican.va
Luke 22:3–6
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:3–6 — Having already said that the Chief Priests sought means how they might slay Jesus without incurring any danger, he next goes on to relate the means which occurred to them, as it is said, Then entered Satan into Judas.vatican.va
- Titus of Bostra on Luke 22:3–6 — Satan entered into Judas not by force, but finding the door open. For forgetful of all that he had seen, Judas now turned his thoughts solely to covetousness.vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:3–6 — St. Luke gives his surname, because there was another Judas.vatican.va
- Titus of Bostra on Luke 22:3–6 (2) — And he adds, one of the twelve, since he made up the number, though he did not truly discharge the Apostolic office. Or the Evangelist adds this, as it were for contrast sake. As if he said, “He was of the first band…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:3–6 — There is nothing contrary to this in what John says, that after the sop Satan entered into Judas; seeing he now entered into him as a stranger, but then as his own, whom he might lead after him to do whatsoever he…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:3–6 (2) — Observe the exceeding iniquity of Judas, that he both sets out by himself, and that he does this for gain. It follows, And he went his way, and communed with the chief priests and captains.vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:3–6 (2) — The magistrates here mentioned were those appointed to take care of the buildings of the temple, or it may be those whom the Romans had set over the people to keep them from breaking forth into tumult; for they were…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:3–6 (3) — By covetousness then Judas became what he was, for it follows, And they covenanted to give him money. Such are the evil passions which covetousness engenders, it makes men irreligious, and compels them to lose all…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:3–6 (3) — That is, he bargained and promised. And sought opportunity to betray him unto them, without the crowds, that is, when he saw Him standing by Himself apart, in the absence of the multitude.vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:3–6 (2) — Now many shudder at the wickedness of Judas, yet do not guard against it. For whosoever despises the laws of truth and love, betrays Christ who is truth and love. Above all, when he sins not from infirmity or…vatican.va
Luke 22:7–13
- Titus of Bostra on Luke 22:7–13 — Our Lord, in order to leave us a heavenly Passover, ate a typical one, removing the figure, that the truth might take its place.vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:7–13 — By the day of unleavened bread of the Passover, He means the fourteenth day of the first month, the day on which, having put away the leaven, they were accustomed to hold the Passover, that is, the lamb, towards evening.vatican.va
- Eusebius of Caesarea on Luke 22:7–13 — But should any one say, “If on the first day of unleavened bread the disciples of our Saviour prepare the Passover, on that day then should we also celebrate the Passover;” we answer, that this was not an admonition,…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:7–13 — Now on the same fifth day He sends two of His disciples to prepare the Passover, namely, Peter and John, the one in truth as loving, the other as loved. In all things shewing, that even to the end of His life He…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:7–13 (2) — As if to say, We have no abode, we have no place of shelter. Let those hear this, who busy themselves in building houses. Let them know that Christ, the Lord of all places, had not where to lay His head.vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:7–13 — But as they knew not to whom they were sent, He gave them a sign, as Samuel to Saul, as it follows, And he said unto them, Behold, when ye are entered into the city, there shall a man meet you bearing a pitcher of…vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:7–13 — First observe the greatness of His divine power. He is talking with His disciples, yet knows what will happen in another place. Next behold His condescension, in that He chooses not the person of the rich or…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:7–13 (2) — He sends them for this reason to an unknown man: to shew them that He voluntarily underwent His Passion, since He who so swayed the mind of one unknown to Him, that He should receive them, was able to deal with the…vatican.va
- Glossa Ordinaria on Luke 22:7–13 — And perceiving these signs, the disciples zealously fulfilled all that had been commanded them; as it follows, And they went, and found as he had said unto them, and made ready the Passover.vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:7–13 (3) — To explain this Passover, the Apostle says, Christ our Passover is sacrificed for us. (1 Cor. 5:7.) Which Passover in truth must needs have been slain there, as it was so ordained by the Father’s counsel and…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:7–13 (3) — By the day of unleavened bread, we must understand that conversation which is wholly in the light of the Spirit, having lost all trace of the old corruption of Adam’s first transgression. And living in this…vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:7–13 (2) — Or the pitcher is a more perfect measure, but the water is that which was thought meet to be a sacrament of Christ; to wash, not to be washed.vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:7–13 (4) — They prepare the Passover in that house, whither the pitcher of water is carried, for the time is at hand in which to the keepers of the true Passover, the typical blood is taken away from the lintel, and the baptism…vatican.va
- Origen on Luke 22:7–13 — But I think that the man who meets the disciples as they enter into the city, carrying a pitcher of water, was some servant of a master of a house, carrying water in an earthen vessel either for washing or for…vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:7–13 (3) — Now in the upper parts he has a large room furnished, that you may consider how great were his merits in whom the Lord could sit down with His disciples, rejoicing in His exalted virtues.vatican.va
- Origen on Luke 22:7–13 (2) — But we should know that they who are taken up with banquetings and worldly cares do not ascend into that upper part of the house, and therefore do not keep the Passover with Jesus. For after the words of the…vatican.va
Luke 22:14–18
- Cyril of Alexandria on Luke 22:14–18 — As soon as the disciples had prepared the Passover, they proceed to eat it; as it is said, And when the hour was come, &c.vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:14–18 — By the hour of eating the Passover, He signifies the fourteenth day of the first month, far gone towards evening, the fifteenth moon just appearing on the earth.vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:14–18 — But how is our Lord said to sit down, whereas the Jews eat the Passover standing? They say, that when they had eaten the legal Passover, they sat down, according to the common custom, to eat their other food. It…vatican.va
- Cyril of Alexandria on Luke 22:14–18 (2) — He says this, because the covetous disciple was looking out for the time for betraying Him; but that he might not betray Him before the feast of the Passover, our Lord had not divulged either the house, or the man…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:14–18 (2) — Or He says, With desire have I desired; as if to say, This is My last supper with you, therefore it is most precious and welcome to Me; just as those who are going away to a distance, utter the last words to their…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:14–18 — Or He says this, because after that Passover the Cross was at hand. But we find Him frequently prophesying of His own Passion, and desiring it to take place.vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:14–18 (2) — He first then desires to eat the typical Passover, and so to declare the mysteries of His Passion to the world.vatican.va
- Eusebius of Caesarea on Luke 22:14–18 — Or else; When our Lord was celebrating the new Passover, He fitly said, With desire have I desired this Passover, that is, the new mystery of the New Testament which He gave to His disciples, and which many prophets…vatican.va
- Epiphanius of Salamis on Luke 22:14–18 — Hereby we may refute the folly of the Ebionites concerning the eating of flesh, seeing that our Lord eats the Passover of the Jews. Therefore He pointedly said, “This Passover,” that no one might transfer it to mean…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:14–18 (3) — Thus then was our Lord the approver of the legal Passover; and as He taught that it related to the figure of His own dispensation, He forbids it henceforth to be represented in the flesh. Therefore He adds, For I say…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:14–18 (2) — Remember then when thou sittest down to meat that after the meal thou must pray; therefore satisfy thy hunger, but with moderation, lest being overcharged thou shouldest not be able to bend thy knees in supplication…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:14–18 (4) — This may be also taken literally, for from the hour of supper up to the time of resurrection He was about to drink no wine. Afterwards He partook both of meat and drink, as Peter testifies, Who did eat and drink with…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:14–18 (3) — The resurrection is called the kingdom of God, because it has destroyed death. Therefore David also says, The Lord reigneth: He hath put on beauty, (Ps. 93:1.) that is, a beautiful robe, having put off the corruption…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:14–18 (5) — But it is far more natural, that as before of the typical lamb, so now also of the drink of the Passover, He should say that He would no more taste, until the glory of the kingdom of God being made manifest, the…vatican.va
Luke 22:19–20
- Bede on Luke 22:19–20 — Having finished the rites of the old Passover, He passes on to the new, which He desires the Church to celebrate in memory of His redemption, substituting for the flesh and blood of the lamb, the Sacrament of His own…vatican.va
- Gregory of Nyssa on Luke 22:19–20 — For the bread before the consecration is common bread, but when the mystery has consecrated it, it is, and it is called, the Body of Christ.vatican.va
- Cyril of Alexandria on Luke 22:19–20 — Nor doubt that this is true; for He plainly says, This is my body; but rather receive the words of thy Saviour in faith. For since He is the Truth, He lies not. (Ep. ad Calosyr.). a They rave foolishly then who say…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:19–20 — Christ did this to bring us to a closer bond of friendship, and to betoken His love toward us, giving Himself to those who desire Him, not only to behold Him, but also to handle Him, to eat Him, to embrace Him with…vatican.va
- Basil the Great on Luke 22:19–20 — Learn then in what manner you ought to eat the Body of Christ, namely, in remembrance of Christ’s obedience even unto death, that they who live may no more live in themselves, but in Him who died for them, and rose…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:19–20 — Now Luke mentions two cups; of the one we spoke above, Take this, and divide it among yourselves, which we may say is a type of the Old Testament; but the other after the breaking and giving of bread, He Himself…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:19–20 (2) — He gave to them, is here understood to complete the sentence.vatican.va
- Augustine of Hippo on Luke 22:19–20 — Or because Luke has twice mentioned the cup, first before Christ gave the bread, then after He had given it, on the first occasion he has anticipated, as he frequently does, but on the second that which he has placed…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:19–20 (2) — Our Lord calls the cup the New Testament, as it follows, This cup is the New Testament in my blood, which shall be shed for you, signifying that the New Testament has its beginning in His blood. For in the Old…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:19–20 (2) — For this Blood moulds in us a royal image, it suffers not our nobleness of soul to waste away, moreover it refreshes the soul, and inspires it with great virtue. This Blood puts to flight the devils, summons angels,…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:19–20 (3) — Because the bread strengthens, and the wine produces blood in the flesh, the former is ascribed to the Body of Christ, the latter to His Blood. But because both we ought to abide in Christ, and Christ in us, the wine…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:19–20 (3) — But first the bread is given, next the cup. For in spiritual things labour and action come first, that is, the bread, not only because it is toiled for by the sweat of the brow, but also because while being eaten it…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:19–20 (4) — For this reason then the Apostles communicated after supper, because it was necessary that the typical passover should be first completed, and then they should pass on to the Sacrament of the true Passover. But now…vatican.va
- A Greek expositor on Luke 22:19–20 — He that communicates receives the whole Body and Blood of our Lord, even though he receive but a part of the Mysteries. For as one seal imparts the whole of its device to different substances, and yet remains entire…vatican.va
Luke 22:21–23
- Augustine of Hippo on Luke 22:21–23 — When our Lord had given the cup to His disciples, He again spoke of His betrayer, saying, But, behold, the hand of him that betrayeth me, &c.vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:21–23 — And this He said not only to shew that He knew all things, but also to declare unto us His own especial goodness, in that He left nothing undone of those things which belonged to Him to do; (for He gives us an…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:21–23 — Yet though partaking of the mystery, he was not converted. Nay, his wickedness is made only the more awful, as well because under the pollution of such a design, he came to the mystery, as that coming he was not made…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:21–23 — And yet our Lord does not especially point him out, lest being so plainly detected, he might only become the more shameless. But He throws the charge on the whole twelve, that the guilty one might be turned to…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:21–23 (2) — Not as if unable to preserve Himself, but as determining for Himself to suffer death for the salvation of man.vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:21–23 (2) — Because then Judas in the things which are written of him acted with an evil purpose, in order that no one might deem him guiltless, as being the minister of the dispensation, Christ adds, Woe unto that man by whom…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:21–23 (2) — But woe also to that man, who coining unworthily to the Table of our Lord, after the example of Judas, betrays the Son, not indeed to Jews, but to sinners, that is, to his own sinful members. Although the eleven…vatican.va
- Basil the Great on Luke 22:21–23 — For as in bodily diseases there are many of which the affected are not sensible, but they rather put faith in the opinion of their physicians, than trust their own insensibility; so also in the diseases of the soul,…vatican.va
Luke 22:24–27
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:24–27 — While they were enquiring among themselves who should betray the Lord, they would naturally go on to say to one another, “Thou art the traitor,” and so become impelled to say, “I am the best, I am the greatest.”…vatican.va
- A Greek expositor on Luke 22:24–27 — Or the strife seems to have arisen from this, that when our Lord was departing from the world, it was thought that some one must become their head, as taking our Lord’s place.vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:24–27 — As good men seek in the Scriptures the examples of their fathers, that they may thereby gain profit and be humbled, so the bad, if by chance they have discovered any thing blameable in the elect, most gladly seize…vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:24–27 — If the disciples did contend, it is not alleged as any excuse, but held out as a warning. Let us then beware lest any contentions among us for precedence be our ruin.vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:24–27 (2) — Rather let us look not what carnal disciples did, but what their spiritual Master commanded; for it follows, And he said unto them, The kings of the Gentiles, &c.vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:24–27 — He mentions the Gentiles, to shew thereby how faulty it was. For it is of the Gentiles to seek after precedence.vatican.va
- Cyril of Alexandria on Luke 22:24–27 — Soft words are also given them by their subjects, as it follows, And they that exercise authority upon them are called benefactors. Now they truly as alien from the sacred law are subject to these evils, but your…vatican.va
- Basil the Great on Luke 22:24–27 — Let not him that is chief be puffed up by his dignity, lest he fall away from the blessedness of humility, but let him know that true humility is the ministering unto many. As then he who attends many wounded and…vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:24–27 (2) — But it must be observed, that not every kind of respect and deference to others betokens humility, for you may defer to a person for the world’s sake, for fear of his power, or regard to your own interest. In that…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:24–27 (3) — In this rule however, given by our Lord, the great have need of no little judgment, that they do not indeed like the kings of the Gentiles delight to tyrannize over their subjects, and be puffed up with their…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:24–27 (2) — As if He says, Think not that thy disciple needs you, but that you do not need him. For I who need no one whom all things in heaven and earth need, have condescended to the degree of a servant.vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:24–27 (2) — He shews Himself to be their servant, when He distributes the bread and the cup, of which service He makes mention, reminding them that if they have eaten of the same bread, and drunk of the same cup, if Christ…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:24–27 (4) — Or He speaks of that service wherewith, according to John, He their Lord and Master washed their feet. Although by the word itself serving, (John 13:5.) all that He did in the flesh may be implied, but by serving He…vatican.va
Luke 22:28–30
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:28–30 — As the Lord had denounced woe to the traitor, so on the other hand to the rest of the disciples He promises blessings, saying, Ye are they which have continued with me, &c.vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:28–30 — For not the first effort of patience, but long-continued perseverance, is rewarded with the glory of the heavenly kingdom, for perseverance, (which is called constancy or fortitude of mind,) is, so to say, the pillar…vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:28–30 — The kingdom of God is not of this world, But it is not equality with God, but likeness to Him, unto which man must aspire. For Christ alone is the full image of God, on account of the unity of His Father’s glory…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:28–30 (2) — Or the table offered to all saints richly to enjoy is the glory of a heavenly life, wherewith they who hunger and thirst after righteousness shall be filled, resting in the long-desired enjoyment of the true God.…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:28–30 (2) — He said this not as if they would have there bodily food, or as if His kingdom were to be a sensible one. For their life then shall be the life of angels, as He before told the Sadducees. (Mat. 22:30, Luke 20:36) But…vatican.va
- Cyril of Alexandria on Luke 22:28–30 — By means of the things of our present life He describes spiritual things. For they exercise a high privilege with earthly kings, who sit at their table as guests. So then by man’s estimation He shews who shall be…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:28–30 (3) — This then is the exchange to the right hand of the Most High, (Ps. 118:15.) that those who now in lowliness rejoice to minister to their fellow-servants, shall then at our Lord’s table on high be fed with the banquet…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:28–30 (3) — That is, the unbelievers condemned out of the twelve tribes.vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:28–30 (2) — But the twelve thrones are not as it were any resting-places for the bodily posture, but because since Christ judges after the Divine likeness by knowledge of the hearts, not by examination of the actions, rewarding…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:28–30 — What then will Judas also sit there? Observe what the law was which God gave by Jeremiah, If I have promised any good, and thou art counted unworthy of it, I will punish you. (Jerem. 18:10.) Therefore speaking to His…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:28–30 (4) — From the high excellence of this promise Judas is excluded. For before the Lord said this, Judas must be supposed to have gone out. They also are excluded whoever having heard the words of the incomprehensible…vatican.va
Luke 22:31–34
- Bede on Luke 22:31–34 — Lest the eleven should be boastful, and impute it to their own strength, that they almost alone among so many thousands of the Jews were said to have continued with our Lord in His temptations, He shews them, that if…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:31–34 — Now this was said to Peter, because he was bolder than the rest, and might feel proud because of the things which Christ had promised.vatican.va
- Cyril of Alexandria on Luke 22:31–34 — Or to shew that men being as nought, (as regards human nature, and the proneness of our minds to fall,) it is not meet that they should wish to be above their brethren. Therefore passing by all the others, He comes…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:31–34 — Now He said not, ‘I have granted,’ but I have prayed. For He speaks humbly as approaching unto His Passion, and that He may manifest His human nature. For He who had spoken not in supplication, but by authority, Upon…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:31–34 (2) — For albeit thou art for a time shaken, yet thou boldest stored up, a seed of faith; though the spirit has shed its leaves in temptation, yet the root is firm. Satan then seeks to harm thee, because he is envious of…vatican.va
- Cyril of Alexandria on Luke 22:31–34 (2) — Marvel then at the superabundance of the Divine forbearance: lest He should cause a disciple to despair, before the crime was committed, He granted pardon, and again restored him to his Apostolic rank, saying,…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:31–34 (2) — As if to say, As I by prayer protected your faith that it should not fail, so do you remember to sustain the weaker brethren, that they despair not of pardon.vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:31–34 — Beware then of boasting, beware of the world; he is commanded to strengthen his own brethren, who said, Master, we have left all, and followed thee. (Matt. 19:27.)vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:31–34 (3) — Because the Lord said He had prayed for Peter’s faith, Peter conscious of present affection and fervent faith, but unconscious of his coming fall, does not believe he could in any way fall from Christ. As it follows,…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:31–34 (3) — He burns forth indeed with too much love, and promises what is impossible to him. But it behoved him as soon as he heard from the Truth that he was to be tempted, to be no longer confident. Now the Lord, seeing that…vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:31–34 (2) — Now Peter although earnest in spirit, yet still weak in bodily inclination, is declared about to deny his Lord; for he could not equal the constancy of the Divine will. Our Lord’s Passion has rivals, but no equal.vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:31–34 (4) — From hence we draw a great doctrine, that human resolve is not sufficient without the Divine support. For Peter with all his zeal, nevertheless when forsaken of God was overthrown by the enemy.vatican.va
- Basil the Great on Luke 22:31–34 — We must know then, that God sometimes allows the rash to receive a fall, as a remedy to previous self-confidence. But although the rash man seems to have committed the same offence with other men, there is no slight…vatican.va
- Augustine of Hippo on Luke 22:31–34 — Now what is here said concerning the foregoing denial of Peter is contained in all the Evangelists, but they do not all happen to relate it upon the same occasion in the discourse. Matthew and Mark subjoin it after…vatican.va
Luke 22:35–38
- Cyril of Alexandria on Luke 22:35–38 — Our Lord had foretold to Peter that he should deny Him; namely, at the time of His being taken. But having once made mention of His being taken captive, He next announces the struggle that would ensue against the…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:35–38 — Now as one who teaches to swim, at first indeed placing his hands under his pupils, carefully supports them, but afterward frequently withdrawing his hand, bids them help themselves, nay even lets them sink a little;…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:35–38 — For He does not train His disciples in the same rule of life, in time of persecution, as in the time of peace. When He sent them to preach, He ordered them to take nothing in the way, ordaining in truth, that He who…vatican.va
- Augustine of Hippo on Luke 22:35–38 — By no inconsistency then of Him who commands, but by the reason of the dispensation, according to the diversity of times are commandments, counsels, or permissions changed.vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:35–38 — But He who forbids to strike, why does He order them to buy a sword? unless perchance that there may be a defence prepared, but no necessary retaliation; a seeming ability to be revenged, without the will. Hence it…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:35–38 (2) — What is, this? He who said, If any one strike you on the right cheek, turn unto him the other also, (Matt. 5:39.) now arms His disciples, and with a sword only. For if it were fitting to be completely armed, not only…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:35–38 — While they were contending among themselves above concerning priority, He saith, It is not a time of dignities, but rather of danger and slaughter. Behold I even your Master am led to a disgraceful death, to be…vatican.va
- Basil the Great on Luke 22:35–38 — Or the Lord does not bid them carry purse and scrip and buy a sword, but predicts that it should come to pass, that in truth the Apostles, forgetful of the time of the Passion, of the gifts and law of their Lord,…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:35–38 (2) — Or He hereby foretels to them that they would incur hunger and thirst, which He implies by the scrip, and sundry kinds of misery, which he intends by the sword.vatican.va
- Cyril of Alexandria on Luke 22:35–38 (2) — Or else; When our Lord says, He who hath a purse, let him take it, likewise a scrip, His discourse He addressed to His disciples, but in reality He regards every individual Jew; as if He says, If any Jew is rich in…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:35–38 (3) — And in truth, if He wished them to use human aid, not a hundred swords would have sufficed; but if He willed not the assistance of man, even two are superfluous.vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:35–38 (3) — Our Lord then was unwilling to blame them as not understanding Him, but saying, It is enough, He dismissed them; as when we are addressing any one, and see that he does not understand what is said, we say, Well, let…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:35–38 (2) — Or the two swords suffice for a testimony that Jesus suffered voluntarily. The one indeed was to teach the Apostles the presumption of their contending for their Lord, and His inherent virtue of healing; the other…vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:35–38 (2) — Or, because the law does not forbid to return a blow, perhaps He says to Peter, as he is offering the two swords, It is enough, as though it were lawful until the Gospel; in order that there may be in the law, the…vatican.va
Luke 22:39–42
- Bede on Luke 22:39–42 — As He was to be betrayed by His disciple, our Lord goes to the place of His wonted retirement, where He might most easily be found; as it follows, And he came out, and went, as he was want, to the mount of Olives.vatican.va
- Cyril of Alexandria on Luke 22:39–42 — By day He was in Jerusalem, but when the darkness of night came on He held converse with His disciples on the mount of Olives; as it is added, And his disciples followed.vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:39–42 (2) — Rightly does He lead the disciples, about to be instructed in the mysteries of His Body, to the mount of Olives, that He might signify that all who arc baptized in His death should be comforted with the anointing of…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:39–42 — Now after supper our Lord betakes Himself not to idleness or sleep, but to prayer and teaching. Hence it follows, And when he was at the place, he said unto them, Pray, &c.vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:39–42 (3) — It is indeed impossible for the soul of man not to be tempted. Therefore he says not, Pray that ye be not tempted, but, Pray that ye enter not into temptation, that is, that the temptation do not at last overcome you.vatican.va
- Cyril of Alexandria on Luke 22:39–42 (2) — But not to do good by words only, He went forward a little and prayed; as it follows, And he was withdrawn from them about a stone’s cast. You will every where find Him praying apart, to teach you that with a devout…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:39–42 (4) — He also alone prays for all, who was to suffer alone for all, signifying that His prayer is as far distant from ours as His Passion.vatican.va
- Augustine of Hippo on Luke 22:39–42 — He was torn from them about a stone’s cast, as though He would typically remind them that to Him they should point the stone, that is, up to Him bring the intention of the law which was written on stone.vatican.va
- Gregory of Nyssa on Luke 22:39–42 — But what meaneth His bending of knees? of which it is said, And he kneeled down, and prayed. It is the way of men to pray to their superiors with their faces on the ground, testifying by the action that the greater…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:39–42 — Now every art is set forth by the words and works of him who teacheth it. Because then our Lord had come to teach no ordinary virtue, therefore He speaks and does the same things. And so having in words commanded to…vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:39–42 — He says then, If thou wilt, remove this cup from me, as man refusing death, as God maintaining His own decree.vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:39–42 (5) — Or He begs the cup to be removed from Him, not indeed from fear of suffering, but from His compassion for the first people, lest they should have to drink the cup first drunk by Him. Therefore He says expressly, not,…vatican.va
- Dionysius the Areopagite on Luke 22:39–42 — Or when He says, Let this cup pass from me, it is not, let it not come to Me, for unless it had come it could not pass away. It was therefore when He perceived it already present that He began to be afflicted and…vatican.va
- Athanasius of Alexandria on Luke 22:39–42 — For here He manifests a double will. One indeed human, which is of the flesh, the other divine. For our human nature, because of the weakness of the flesh, refuses the Passion, but His divine will eagerly embraced…vatican.va
- Gregory of Nyssa on Luke 22:39–42 (2) — Now Apollinaris asserts that Christ had not His own will according to His earthly nature, but that in Christ exists only the will of God who descends from heaven. Let him then say what will is it which God would have…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:39–42 (6) — When He drew near His Passion, the Saviour also took upon Him the words of weak man; as when something threatens us which we do not wish to come to pass, we then through weakness seek that it may not be, to the end…vatican.va
Luke 22:43–46
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:43–46 — To make known unto us the power of prayer that we may exercise it in adversity, our Lord when praying is comforted by an Angel. (Matt. 4:11.)vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:43–46 — In another place we read that Angels came and ministered unto Him. In testimony then of each nature, Angels are said both to have ministered to Him and comforted Him. For the Creator needed not the protection of His…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:43–46 (2) — But some say that the Angel appeared, glorifying Him, saying, O Lord, Thine is the power, for Thou art able to vanquish death, and to deliver weak mankind.vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:43–46 — And because not in appearance but in reality He took upon Himself our flesh, in order to confirm the truth of the dispensation He submits to bear human suffering; for it follows, And being in an agony he prayed more…vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:43–46 — Many are shocked at this place who turn the sorrows of the Saviour to an argument of inherent weakness from the beginning, rather than taken upon Him for the time. But I am so far from considering it a thing to be…vatican.va
- Gregory the Great on Luke 22:43–46 — He has expressed also the conflict of our mind in itself, as death approaches, for we suffer a certain thrill of terror and dread, when by the dissolution of the flesh we draw near to the eternal judgment; and with…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:43–46 (3) — Now that the preceding prayer was of His human nature, not His divine, as the Arians say, is argued from what is said of His sweat, which follows, And his sweat was as it were great drops of blood falling down to the…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:43–46 (2) — Let no one ascribe this sweat to natural weakness, nay, it is contrary to nature to sweat blood, but rather let him derive therefrom a declaration to us, that He was now obtaining the accomplishment of His prayer,…vatican.va
- Augustine of Hippo on Luke 22:43–46 — Our Lord praying with a bloody sweat represented the martyrdoms which should flow from His whole body, which is the Church.vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:43–46 (4) — Or this is proverbially said of one who has sweated intensely, that He sweated blood; the Evangelist then wishing to shew that He was moistened with large drops of sweat, takes drops of blood for an example. But…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:43–46 (2) — For it was midnight, and the disciples’ eyes were heavy from grief, and their sleep was not that of drowsiness but sorrow.vatican.va
- Augustine of Hippo on Luke 22:43–46 (2) — Now Luke has not stated after which prayer He came to His disciples, still in nothing does he disagree with Matthew and Mark.vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:43–46 (3) — Our Lord proves by what comes after, that He prayed for His disciples whom He exhorts by watching and prayer to be partakers of His prayer; for it follows, And he saith unto them, Why sleep ye? Rise and pray, lest ye…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:43–46 (5) — That is, that they should not be overcome by temptation, for not to be led into temptation is not to be overwhelmed by it. Or He simply bids us pray that our life may be quiet, and we be not cast into trouble of any…vatican.va
Luke 22:47–53
- Glossa Ordinaria on Luke 22:47–53 — After first mentioning the prayer of Christ, St. Luke goes on to speak of His betrayal wherein He is betrayed by His disciple, saying, And while he yet spake, behold a multitude, and he that was called Judas.vatican.va
- Cyril of Alexandria on Luke 22:47–53 — He says, he that was called Judas, holding his name as it were in abhorrence; but adds, one of the twelve, to signify the enormity of the traitor. For he who had been honoured as an apostle became the cause of the…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:47–53 — For just as incurable wounds yield neither to severe nor soothing remedies, so the soul when once it is taken captive, and has sold itself to any particular sin, will reap no benefit from admonition. And so it was…vatican.va
- Cyril of Alexandria on Luke 22:47–53 (2) — Unmindful of the glory of Christ, he thought to be able to act secretly, daring to make an especial token of love the instrument of his treachery.vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:47–53 (2) — Now we must not depart from admonishing our brethren, albeit nothing comes of our words. For even the streams though no one drink therefrom still flow on, and him whom thou hast not persuaded to-day, peradventure…vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:47–53 — It must be used I think by way of question, as if he arrests the traitor with a lover’s affection.vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:47–53 (3) — And He gives him his proper name, which was rather like one lamenting and recalling him, than one provoked to anger.vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:47–53 (2) — He says, Betrayest thou with a kiss? that is, dost thou inflict a wound with the pledge of love? with the instruments of peace dost thou impose death? a slave, dost thou betray thy Lord; a disciple, thy master; one…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:47–53 (4) — But He said not, “Betrayest thou thy Master, thy Lord, thy Benefactor,” but the Son of man, that is, the humble and meek, who though He were not thy Master and Lord, forasmuch as He has borne himself so gently toward…vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:47–53 (3) — O great manifestation of Divine power, great discipline of virtue! Both the design of thy traitor is detected, and yet forbearance is not withheld. He shews whom it is Judas betrays, by manifesting things hidden; He…vatican.va
- Augustine of Hippo on Luke 22:47–53 — The Lord when He was betrayed first said this which Luke mentions, Betrayest thou the Son of man with a kiss? next, what Matthew says, Friend, wherefore art thou come? and lastly, what John records, Whom seek ye?vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:47–53 (4) — Our Lord kissed him, not that He would teach us to dissemble, but both that He might not seem to shrink from the traitor, and that He might the more move him by not denying him the offices of love.vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:47–53 — The disciples are inflamed with zeal, and unsheath their swords. But whence have they swords? Because they had slain the lamb, and had departed from the feast. Now the other disciples ask whether they should strike;…vatican.va
- Augustine of Hippo on Luke 22:47–53 (2) — He who struck, according to John, was Peter, but he whom he struck was called Malchus.vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:47–53 (5) — For Peter being well versed in the law, and full of ardent affection, knowing that it was counted righteousness in Phineas that he had killed the sacrilegious persons, struck the High Priest’s servant.vatican.va
- Augustine of Hippo on Luke 22:47–53 (3) — Now Luke says, But Jesus answered and said, Suffer ye thus far; which is what Matthew records, Put thy sword up into its sheath. Nor will it move you as contrary thereto, that Luke says here that our Lord answered,…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:47–53 — For the Lord is never forgetful of His lovingkindness. While they are bringing death upon the righteous, He heals the wounds of His persecutors.vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:47–53 (6) — The Lord in wiping away the bloody wounds, conveyed thereby a divine mystery, namely, that the servant of the prince of this world, not by the condition of His nature but by guilt, should receive a wound on the ear,…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:47–53 (2) — Or that servant is the Jewish people sold by the High Priests to an unlawful obligation, who, by the Passion of our Lord, lost their right ear; that is, the spiritual understanding of the law. And this ear indeed is…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:47–53 (5) — For they had come at night fearing an outbreak of the multitude, therefore He says, “What need was there of these arms against one who was always with you?” as it follows, When I was daily with you.vatican.va
- Cyril of Alexandria on Luke 22:47–53 (3) — Whereby He does not blame the chiefs of the Jews that they had not sooner prepared their murderous designs against Him, but convicts them of having presumptuously supposed they had attacked Him against His will; as…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:47–53 (3) — As if He says, Therefore are ye assembled against Me in darkness, because your power, wherewith ye are thus armed against the light of the world, is in darkness. But it is asked, how Jesus is said to be addressing…vatican.va
Luke 22:54–62
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:54–62 — The wretched men understood not the mystery, nor had reverence unto an outpouring of compassion so merciful, that even His enemies He suffered not to be wounded. For it is said, Then look they him, &c. When we read…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:54–62 — Now the Chief Priest means Caiaphas, who according to John was High Priest that year.vatican.va
- Augustine of Hippo on Luke 22:54–62 — But first He was led to Annas, the father-in-law of Caiaphas, as John says, then to Caiaphas, as Matthew says, but Mark and Luke do not give the name of the High Priest.vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:54–62 — It is therefore said, to the house of the High Priest, that nothing whatever might be done without the consent of the chief of the Priests. For thither had they all assembled waiting for Christ. Now the great zeal of…vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:54–62 (2) — Rightly he followed afar off, soon about to deny, for he could never have denied if he had clung close to Christ. But herein must he be revered, that he forsook not our Lord, even though he was afraid. Fear is the…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:54–62 (2) — But that when our Lord was going to His Passion, Peter followed afar off represents the Church about to follow indeed, that is, to imitate our Lord’s Passion, but in a far different manner, for the Church suffers for…vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:54–62 (3) — And by this time there was a fire burning in the house of the High Priest; as it follows, And when they had kindled a fire, &c. Peter came to warm himself, because his Lord being taken prisoner, the heart of his soul…vatican.va
- Augustine of Hippo on Luke 22:54–62 (2) — For to Peter were delivered the keys of the kingdom of heaven, to him were entrusted an innumerable multitude of people, who were wrapped up in sin. But Peter was somewhat too vehement, as the cutting off the car of…vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:54–62 (4) — What meaneth it, that a maid is the first to betray Peter, whereas surely men ought the more easily to have recognised him, save that that sex should be plainly implicated in our Lord’s murder, in order that it might…vatican.va
- Augustine of Hippo on Luke 22:54–62 (3) — What ails thee, Peter, thy voice is suddenly changed? That mouth full of faith and love, is turned to hatred and unbelief. Not yet awhile is the scourge applied, not yet the instruments of torture. Thy interrogator…vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:54–62 (5) — Peter denied, because he promised rashly. He does not deny on the mount, nor in the temple, nor in his own house, but in the judgment-hall of the Jews. There he denies where Jesus was bound, where truth is not. And…vatican.va
- Augustine of Hippo on Luke 22:54–62 (4) — And it is supposed that in the second denial he was addressed by two persons, namely, by the maid whom Matthew and Mark mention, and by another whom Luke speaks of. With respect then to what Luke here relates, And…vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:54–62 (6) — For he preferred to deny himself rather than Christ, or because he seemed to deny being of the company of Christ, he truly denied himself.vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:54–62 (3) — In this denial then of Peter we affirm that not only is Christ denied by him who says that He is not Christ, but by him also, who, being a Christian, says he is not.vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:54–62 (7) — He is also asked a third time; for it follows, And about the space of one hour after, another confidently affirmed, saying, Of a truth this fellow also was with him.vatican.va
- Augustine of Hippo on Luke 22:54–62 (5) — What Matthew and Mark call after a little while, Luke explains by saying, about the space of one hour after; but with regard to the space of time, John says nothing. Likewise when Matthew and Mark record not in the…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:54–62 (4) — But he adds, For he is a Galilæan; not that the Galilæans spoke a different language from the inhabitants of Jerusalem, who indeed were Hebrews, but that each separate province and country having its own…vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:54–62 (8) — That is, I know not your blasphemies. But we make excuse for him. He did not excuse himself. For an involved answer is not sufficient for our confessing Jesus, but an open confession is required. And therefore Peter…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:54–62 (5) — Holy Scripture is often wont to mark the character of certain events by the nature of the times in which they take place. Hence Peter who sinned at midnight repented at cock-crow; for it follows, And immediately,…vatican.va
- Augustine of Hippo on Luke 22:54–62 (6) — The cock-crow we understand to have been after the third denial of Peter, as Mark has expressed it.vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:54–62 (6) — This cock must, I think, be understood mystically as some great Teacher, who rouses the listless and sleepy, saying, Awake, ye righteous, and sin not.vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:54–62 (2) — Marvel now at the case of the Master, who though He was a prisoner, had exercised much forethought for His disciple, whom by a look He brought to Himself, and provoked to tears; for it follows, And the Lord turned,…vatican.va
- Augustine of Hippo on Luke 22:54–62 (7) — How we should understand this, requires some careful consideration; for Matthew says, Peter was sitting without in the hall, which he would not have said unless the transaction relating to our Lord were passing…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:54–62 (7) — For to look upon him is to have compassion, seeing that not only while penance is being practised, but that it may be practised, the mercy of God is necessary.vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:54–62 (9) — Lastly, those whom Jesus looks upon weep for their sins. Hence it follows, And Peter remembered the word of the Lord, how he had said to him, Before the cock crow, thou shalt deny me thrice. And he went out, and wept…vatican.va
- Cyril of Alexandria on Luke 22:54–62 — Now Peter did not dare to weep openly, lest he should be detected by his tears, but he went out and wept. Ho wept not because of punishment, but because he denied his beloved Lord, which was more galling than any…vatican.va
Luke 22:63–71
- Augustine of Hippo on Luke 22:63–71 — The temptation of Peter which took place between the mockings of our Lord is not related by all the Evangelists in the same order. For Matthew and Mark first mention those, then Peter’s temptation; but Luke has first…vatican.va
- John Chrysostom on Luke 22:63–71 — Jesus, the Lord of heaven and earth, sustains and suffers the mockings of the ungodly, giving us an example of patience.vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:63–71 — Likewise the Lord of prophets is derided as a false prophet. It follows, And they blindfolded him. This they did as a dishonour to Him who wished to be accounted by the people as a prophet. But He who was struck with…vatican.va
- Augustine of Hippo on Luke 22:63–71 (2) — Now our Lord is supposed to have suffered these things until morning in the house of the High Priest, to which He was first led. Hence it follows, And as soon as it was day, the elders of the people and the chief…vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:63–71 — They wished not for truth, but were contriving calumny. Because they expected that Christ would come only as man, of the root of David, they sought this of Him, that if He should say, “I am the Christ,” they might…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:63–71 (2) — He knew the secrets of their hearts, that they who had not believed His works would much less believe His words. Hence it follows, And he said unto them, If I tell you, ye will not believe, &c.vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:63–71 (2) — For He had often declared Himself to be the Christ; as when he said, l and my Father are one, (John 10:30.) and other such like things. And if I also ask you, ye will not answer me. For He had asked them how they…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:63–71 (3) — As if he said, There is no time left to you any longer for discourses and teaching, but hereafter shall be the time of judgment, when ye shall see Me, the Son of man, sitting on the right hand of the power of God.vatican.va
- Cyril of Alexandria on Luke 22:63–71 — Whenever sitting and a throne are spoken of God, His kingly and supreme majesty is signified. For we do not imagine any judgment-seat to be placed, on which we believe the Lord of all takes His seat; nor again, that…vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:63–71 (4) — When then they heard this, they ought to have been afraid, but after these words they are the more frantic; as it follows, All said, &c.vatican.va
- Bede on Luke 22:63–71 (3) — They understood that He called Himself the Son of God in these words, The Son of man shall sit on the right hand of the power of God.vatican.va
- Ambrose of Milan on Luke 22:63–71 — The Lord had rather prove Himself a King than call Himself one, that they might have no excuse for condemning Him, when they confess the truth of that which they lay against Him. It follows, And he said, Ye say that…vatican.va
- Cyril of Alexandria on Luke 22:63–71 (2) — When Christ spoke this, the company of the Pharisees were very wroth, uttering shameful words; as it follows, Then said they, What need we any further witness? &c.vatican.va
- Theophylact of Ohrid on Luke 22:63–71 (5) — Whereby it is manifest, that the disobedient reap no advantage, when the more secret mysteries are revealed to them, but rather incur the heavier punishment. Wherefore such things ought to be concealed from them.vatican.va
Scripture cited · 32 verses
Psalm 6:4 · Psalm 13:3 · Psalm 93:1 · Psalm 110:4 · Psalm 118:15 · Isaiah 53:12 · Isaiah 63:1 · Matthew 4:11 · Matthew 5:6 · Matthew 5:39 · Matthew 11:17 · Matthew 16:18 · Matthew 16:23 · Matthew 19:27 · Matthew 22:30 · Matthew 26:18 · Luke 17:21 · Luke 20:36 · John 6:67 · John 10:15 · John 10:30 · John 13:5 · John 18:28 · Acts 10:41 · Romans 6:5 · Romans 14:17 · 1 Corinthians 5:7 · 2 Corinthians 5:15 · Hebrews 7:21 · James 4:6 · 1 Peter 5:5 · Revelation 17:15